Cutoff wheel



Nov. 16, 1948'.

' F. M. BLEY 2,454,125

' CUTOFF WHEEL Filed March 2, 1946- LEM/1452 Patented Nov. 15,1948 2,454,125

1 2454125 t it it *CUTUFF WHEEL f r 4 Freda; iietielenviet u;

" 'Ih is'inventierrirelaites to cut off saws or whe els, Wheel 8nd theakertrcut thereby; particuiarlyratt andi hi'als to do with means for supplying a suitable the area 10f contact between the; peripheral: 'cut- "liquid to the eu ttmg: edge of the-'wheel and the 'tingtedgeof the wheel and-the bottomi of the-kerf, 'ke'rf made" thereby, during the cutting operation. isassured. 'Tozthatzenil provide thefdisc oixthe Cut-01f Wheei'stomsaiws are extensively used for Wheelwith?s1o ts xtherethrougmemfformedennel discutting a great varietyGfimQtefials; many of posed th at thetiquidwcoolant fiowediontouthe "whichareaquite hatrdt strol'rwheels' are provfded sides of: the wheel enters-such slots,etndris ze with. peripherat cutting V surfacesrcdmpnising cu-ttamed them-rein": and: flows thereazlnng to that-peti ngelemen-t's: suitably associate'dt with the disc riphery or thewheel iwhere itisdliveredbtween or" body at the wheel. The wheel itse'lf may' be f 217 t g" e= e eof amd bhe 'bottem o f t e formedo fi anabrasivematerial En d-a1 'sui-tatble -kerf incontaetwitmsueh cutting edge. Thattasbi-nd erywhere'by it has a; peripheral aibrasive cttti mies eq ate cwling oftthe Wheel? and bfi the tin-g: edge, ou particularly, if excehtionaliypiiard m b ri l b ing fi-flt -as wellwas rapidremoval-of -materialsi are to bemcu fi the wl reebdisenmazy be the fines as'pr tw' voidineiebj o- .rormett of ws'iiitelele; meta-rend h'arve diem'on'd v 'z nable hea in an rill ng oi-t'thecutting edee mgatpenitzrherel cutting edget emum efiicieney with cortrespondmg inci'easeem us -eut-ofiwheeis tithe ehezraetet referred f cutting a d t'h sm othness andvatoto are driven at highrperiphera'l speed while in f r y of :the cut/made; a d increased length (if pressure contaetwith th'MttI'iQJl being out, 550 life r M11881 Further"0bject57and =83dvfimthat considerable-heat is generattedtat' thepentpha esof my invention wi-ll apfl nm the detail eralare'a' *otthe saw or'wheel. U riless the wheel fp ionseon beeomesoverheaxed and its 'cli tflingt'dgelisg jb w th wheel being shown cloggetitor dui'ledfmaiteria'l ly reducing the rateiof fragmentfllilyi indicated W Wbm m wettin -amt shortenin -thehfexerzthewheel; and, d n a i 1 in certaineese ereetm the risk 0:1 creek-mg of u s a sectional v w; on an" enlarged themateria'l-beirrg out, due to high: heatigentaken{Substantially-011.final-2 f *ratt edt. e 453041131; 7. t I t 7 V t Itis common practice, mithe eee:er euteefi fi alwviewr onan 'enlatrged saws 0r wheelsrtofiow a'liquidcoolant afld ubeie t i l "on-mezit of Figure cantgsueh water, a mixtureflof'water-QM a, and t water soluble oil, er oil or en oil. mixture, 'onto Figures 4, 5, 6 and are f agmentary side views side's tithe wheel with objector having 9 But-off e s m o m -i-nvention how- -such liquid enter theikerf and eeeit-he peeiphetel of thetpossible et e-m form -end eree er the wheel. Inpracti'ce; mostioftthe' liquid r e a rec ing slots.

:so applied te the Wheel is rapidly discharged p ya p able-in certherefrom: by centrifugal force and. the wind or min of pects, to diamond" cut-off saws or v stirresistance created bythe hightspeed rotati'dn go Wheels having p p al' t ges the cutof the wheel. But httleet the liquid enterethe ting-elements which e p ovided by'd-iamonds,

-kerg-and practically none of the liquid reaches d tie es, epp-rotrietely mounted or the" area 'of contact between the cuttingied'geof e r nv providing n fi ta u t n e e imthe wheeland the bottom of the kerf; whereit is pregnatedt o ds 0r diamond particles. most needed, Due to leek o'f ztdequate dooi ingweo h therefore; i l my invention as em-- fiushingwand lubrication at the area where most bodied-me diamqnd a Wheel. Way 01' 'eX- -needed,-the finesare not removed asrap'idly-as t e der tood} however, that int its ,pretiueed, objectionable heating anddulting of broader p s my (invention is app i able tocutthe cutting edge of the wheel oecu-rs, the -rate Qfi s w o w eels-of various types.

of cu tti'ng is slowed down, and the eut-ofi-wheawmw-lhava h r 8 1 Cl11S=ive, adiaean fln'ott be' operated set-its maximum possible mend-cutf-ofi wheel comprisingediscllihaving a efficiency.

- I somewhat thickened rim [Lin-Which are mounted My inver tior is-direeted to the provisioneoi a, diamondtpartieles l2 pmovidingratperipheralcuteut-" ff. wheelhaying means whereby-adequate tingedgeilorthedisc wt This disc, l-liwmay -be -supply 'of a-t-liquid eootant and lubricant withe -[-55 formedei-smtablemetal steeli orcop'per feraem not used to its maximum possible efficiency, as

and for the reasons above pointed out.

I have discovered that by providing disc H] with properly disposed and formed slots it is possible to introduce the liquid coolant and lubricant in adequate amount into the kerf, particularly at the area thereof in contact with the cutting edge of the wheel, thereby assuring rapid flushing out of the fines produced by the cutting operation, as well as effective cooling and lubrication of the wheel and of the material being out. That renders possible increased speed'ofrotation of the i cutting wheel without risk of overheating or dulling thereof, so that the wheel may be used at its maximum possible efiiciency with resultant in creased speed and accuracy in the cutting operation. In accordance with my invention, I provide the disc H] with a plurality of suitably spaced slots 13 in its radially outer portion, these slots extending completely through disc I0 and extending outward thereof with their outer ends adjacent the cutting edge of the disc. 7 Each of the slots l3 comprises an inner portion M inclined across the axis of disc l0, and an outer portion l5 extending from and inclined oppositely to the inner portion l4, these two portions of the slot being connected by an arcuate portion IS. The outer portions 15 of the respective slots teradvanced toward the cutting wheel, or the two may be moved toward each other, as will beunderstood, it suflicing that the relative movement is such that the cutting wheel makes the desired ,cut in or through the block.

" During the cutting operation fines are produced and these fines should be removed as rapidly as produced, to assure most efficient operation of the cutting wheel. During the cutting operation a 'liquid coolant and lubricant is flowed onto the side faces of the cutting wheel in a known manher, this liquid travelling outward along' the side surfaces of the wheel due to centrifugal force.

As the liquid moves outward it enters the inner portions 14 of the slots [3, in which slots it is retained so as to be shielded thereby from the air resistance or wind produced by the high speed rotation of the wheel. It will be noted that the inner'portions I l-of the slots l3are inclined outward away from the direction ofrotation of the wheel, whereas the outer portions l5 of such slots are inclined outwardtoward the direction of such rotation. Further, the walls of the respective slots at the following sidesther'eof-is'normal to the plane of disc l0, providing a'backing surface for liquid retained in the slots effectively preventing displacement therefrom of such liquid. Conveniently, the leading wall of the respective slots [3 also is perpendicular to the plane of disc Ill. The liquid in the inner portion [4 of the respective slots I3 is urged outward thereof by centrifugal force and by the liquid entering the slots from the side faces of the disc. The liquid in the outer portion I5 of the respective slots 13 also isnrged outward by centrifugal force but, due to the-inclination of portion l5, this outward flow of the liquid is retarded to a certain extent. That assures that the slots l3 are maintained full of Water or other coolant liquid, continuously supplied to the inner ends of the slots by the liquid coolant moving outward along the sides of the disc ID, the liquid being continuously delivered from the slots l3 at points closely adjacent the cutting edge of the wheel. The liquid coolant is thus directed into the cut or kerf made in block b, particularly at the area of contact between the bottom of the kerf and the cutting edgeof the wheel, assuring thorough flushing of the kerf and removal therefrom of the fines as produced, while also effectively cooling and lubricating the peripheral portion of the wheel and the kerf area of the material being cut.

I find that the form and arrangement of the coolant and lubrication liquid receiving slots may be varied considerably depending upon the material to be out. In Figure 4 I have shown a slot 20 of different form lengthwise than the slots l3 of Figure 1, slot 20 being disposed more nearly radially of disc I0, but with its inner and outer portions oppositely inclined across the axis of the disc and connected by an elbow or curve of substantial radius. In Figure 5 the disc I0 is provided with a slot 2| which is generally similar to the slots I3 of Figure 1, except that it is provided with a supplemental arm 2 la opening into slot 2| a short distance above the curve or elbow thereof. In Figure 6, the inner and outer portions of slot 22'are disposed at somewhat different inclinations than the inner and outer portions of the slots I3 of Figure 1. A further distinction of the slot 22 is that it opens at its outer end, at 23, through the cutting edge of the wheel. In a wheel provided with slots 22, the liquid coolant and lubricant is delivered directly to the bottom of the kerf, which is advantageous in some cases, as where quick cutting material is being operated upon and thorough flushing of the kerf is required for assuring removal of the fines as rapidly as produced. In Figure 7 the slots 24 in disc I0 also extend to the cutting edge of the wheel. It will be noted that the inner portion of slot 24 is disposed at less inclination to the horizontal than the inner portion of slot 22 of Figure 6. The effect of centrifugal force in moving the liquid outward along slot 24 will be somewhat less than in slot 22 of Figure 6, assuming other conditions to be identical, which may be desirable in certain cases. It will be seen that by employing slots of different forms the rate of flow of the wheel rapid flushing of the kerf may be obtained,

compared to wheels in which the slots are closed at their outer ends, which may be desirable in certain cases. In general, I prefer that the slots terminate a short distance inward from the cutting edge of the wheel, since with the slots so disslots extend to and open through the cutting edge. though the latter arrangement is preferred in certain cases for the reasons stated. In either case, the outer ends of the slots are adjacent the cutting edge of the wheel, that term being here used as designating slots which open through the cutting edge as Well as slots which terminate a slight distance inward of the wheel from the cutting edge thereof. While I have shown various forms of slots, by way of illustration, it will be understood that, within the broader concept of my invention, numerous other forms of slots not here shown may be used, as conditions ma require.

I claim:

1. As a new article of manufacture, a cut-off wheel adapted to be driven about its axis in one direction and comprising a dis-c having a cutting periphery, said disc being provided with liquid receiving slots therethrough extending outward thereof toward and terminating adjacent its periphery, the lengthwise Walls of the respective slots being normal to the plane of said dis-o, the respective slots comprising a substantially straight inner portion inclined outwards with respect to the axis of said disc in a direction away from the direction of drive of the wheel and a substantially straight outer portion, inclined outwards with respect to the axis of said disc in a direction toward the direction of drive of said wheel.

2. As a new article of manufacture, a cut-ofi wheel comprising a disc having a cutting periphery, said disc being provided with liquid receiving slots therethrough extending outward thereof toward and terminating adjacent its periphery, the lengthwise Walls of the respective slots being normal to the plane of said disc, the respective slots comprising an inner portion inclined with respect to the axis of said disc and an outer portion inclined to said inner portion.

3. As a new article of manufacture, a cut-off wheel comprising a disc having cutting elements at its periphery, said disc being provided with liquid receiving slots therethrough extending outward thereof toward and terminating adjacent i-ts periphery, the lengthwise walls of the respective slots being normal to the plane of said disc, the respective slots comprising an inner portion inclined with respect to the axis of said disc and an outer portion inclined with respect to the axis of said disc and to said inner portion.

4. As a new article of manufacture, a cut-off wheel comprising a disc having cutting elements at its periphery, said disc being provided with liquid receiving slots therethrough extending outward thereof toward and terminating adjacent its periphery, the lengthwise walls of the respective slots being normal to the plane of said disc, the respective slots comprising an inner portion inclined with respect to the axis of said disc and an outer portion inclined opposite-1y to said inner portion with respect to the axis of said disc.

5. As a new article of manufacture, a cut-off wheel comprising a disc having a cutting periphery, said disc being provided with liquid receiving slots opening through its opposite faces extending outward thereof toward and opening through its periphery, the lengthwise walls of the respective slots being normal to the plane of said disc, said slots respectively comprising an inner portion inclined to the axis of said disc and an outer portion inclined to said inner portion.

6. As a new article of manufacture, a cut-off wheel comprising a disc having cutting elements at its periphery, said dis-c being provided with liquid receiving slots opening through its opposite faces extending outward thereof toward and opening throughits periphery, the lengthwise walls of the respective slots being normal to the plane of said disc, said slots respectively comprising an inner portion substantially straight lengthwise and inclined to the axis of said disc and an outer portion substantially straight lengthwise and inclined oppositely to said inner portion.

"1. As a new article of manufacture, a cut-ofi wheel comprising a disc having cutting elements at its periphery, said disc being provided in its radially outer portion with liquid receiving slots therethrough, the lengthwise Walls of said slots being substantially normal to the plane of said disc, said slots respectively comprising an inner portion inclined to the axis of said disc and an outer portion inclined to said inner portion.

FRED M. BLEY.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Great Britain July 24, 1940 

